BAB V

KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1.    Kesimpulan

         Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini antara lain :

a)       Penanda morfologi yang membedakan Bouea dari kerabatnya yang lain terletak pada duduk daun yang berhadapan dan biji yang berwarna ungu sedangkan penanda morfologi yang membedakan Bouea macrophyla dan Bouea  oppositifolia adalah  ukuran daun, ukuran buah, bentuk buah, warna buah, warna daging buah,  dan bentuk tunas ketiak daun.

b)    Analisis klaster pada Bouea macrophylla berdasarkan penanda morfologi menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan antara 0.77 - 1.00 dan dikelompokkan ke dalam  7 kelompok utama pada koefisien kemiripan 0.93 sedangkan analisis klaster pada Bouea oppositifolia menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan antara 0.49 - 1.00 dan dikelompokkan ke dalam  5 kelompok utama pada koefisien kemiripan 0.84.

c)  Analisis klaster B. macrophylla berdasarkan penanda ISSR menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan antara 0,18 – 0,83 dan dikelompokkan ke dalam 4 kelompok utama pada koefisien kemiripan 0,35 sedangkan analisis klaster pada B. oppositifolia menghasilkan koefisien kemiripan antara 0,56-0,99 dan dikelompokkan ke dalam 5 kelompok berdasarkan koefisien kemiripan 0,84.

d)        Penanda ISSR dapat membedakan marga Bouea berdasarkan analisis klaster pada koefisien kemiripan 0,25 - 0,99 dan terbagi atas dua kelompok utama (B. macrophylla dan B. oppositifolia) pada koefisien kemiripan 0,35.

e)  Analisis kekerabatan berdasarkan penanda cpDNA sekuen trnL-F intergenic spacer menunjukkan bahwa B. macrophylla dan B. oppositifolia mengelompok secara monofiletik dan terpisah dari outgroup-nya dan B. oppositifolia diduga sebagai tetua dari marga Bouea.

f)         Peta modeling distribusi spesies pada B. macrophylla dan B. oppositifolia yang dihasilkan oleh MaxEnt memiliki kemampuan prediktif kategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai Area Under the Curve (AUC) pada B. macrophylla adalah 0,974 dan 0,906 sedangkan pada B. oppositifolia adalah 0,977 dan 0,906.

g)        Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi distribusi B. macrophylla adalah jenis tanah, iklim, dan tutupan lahan sedangkan pada B. oppositifolia adalah jenis tanah, tutupan lahan, iklim, dan kemiringan lereng berdasarkan uji Jackknife menggunakan analisis MaxEnt.

5.2.    Saran saran

          Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut:

a)    Penelitian pada tingkat jaringan dan substansi (metabolit sekunder) dalam marga Bouea perlu dikembangkan agar dapat diketahui besarnya kontribusi variasi karakter tersebut dalam keperluan identifikasi.

b)  Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memilih primer ISSR yang mampu menghasilkan pita DNA polimorfik pada marga Bouea sehingga analisis menggunakan penanda ISSR dapat lebih akurat.

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